A matsayin muhimmin sashi a cikin masana'antar gini, cikakken zaren yana taka muhimmiyar rawa.A cikin shekaru hamsin da suka wuce, an yi amfani da na'urorin haɗi sosai a masana'antar gine-gine da wasu kayan aikin injiniya.Sakamakon ci gaban gabaɗaya na inganci da ƙarfin kayan gini, nauyin ginin ginin yana haɓaka ta hanya mafi sauƙi, kuma rabon ƙarfi da nauyin kayan da ke cikinsa shima yana ƙaruwa.Ginin da yake da haske da yawa ba abu ne mai kyau ba, juriya ga iska da tasiri yana raguwa a hankali, don haka akwai haɗari na aminci lokacin da muke amfani da waɗannan gine-gine.A da, wasu sun yi tunanin cewa za a iya gina ginin ne kawai ta hanyar dogaro da nauyin ginin da kansa da kuma manne da turmi, amma ba haka lamarin yake ba, duk wani gini ba turmi ne kawai ake gina shi ba, a wannan karon dukkan injina ne. masu ɗaure kamar maɓalli suna taka rawar ta.Domin gyara lahanin tsarin da rage nauyi ya haifar.Yayin da nauyin ginin ginin ya zama mai sauƙi, ƙarar su kuma yana raguwa, ta yadda wurin da aka shigar da cikakken zaren ya rage daidai.A saboda wannan dalili ne ake buƙatar ƙarfin cikakken zaren don ƙarawa, kuma aikinsa dole ne ya kasance mai iya tsinkaya gaba ɗaya, don tabbatar da amincin ginin, da kuma inganta juriya na iska da tasirin tasirin ginin.Kada ku raina tasirin cikakken zaren, wanda wani lokaci yana taka muhimmiyar rawa.
Anchors suna daga cikin nau'ikan masu zuwa:
(1) Fadada ankali
Ƙwararren ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa, wanda ake magana da su a matsayin ƙwanƙwasawa, yi amfani da motsi na dangi na mazugi da takardar fadada (ko hannun riga) don haɓaka haɓakar faɗuwar takardar, haifar da haɓakawa da ƙarfin extrusion tare da kankare a kan bangon rami, da kuma samar da shi. fitar da juriya ta hanyar juriya.Wani bangaren da ke gane anga abin da aka haɗa.An raba ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa zuwa nau'in sarrafa juzu'i da nau'in sarrafa ƙaura bisa ga hanyoyin sarrafa ƙarfi daban-daban yayin shigarwa.Na farko ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar juzu'i, kuma na ƙarshe ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar ƙaura.
(2) Reaming irin anga kusoshi
Reaming nau'in anchors, da ake magana a kai a matsayin reaming bolts ko tsagi bolts, suna sake gyare-gyare da reaming na simintin a kasan ramin da aka haƙa, ta yin amfani da maƙallan mashin ɗin da ke tsakanin saman simintin da aka kafa bayan an yi reaming da kuma shugaban faɗaɗa na anka. ., wani bangaren da ke gane anga abin da aka haɗa.Reaming bolts an raba su zuwa pre-reaming da reaming kai bisa ga hanyoyi daban-daban na reaming.Na farko yana riga-kafin tsagi da reaming tare da kayan aikin hakowa na musamman;kullin anga na ƙarshe yana zuwa da kayan aiki, wanda ke yin tsinkayar kansa da reaming yayin shigarwa, kuma ana kammala tsagi da shigarwa lokaci ɗaya.
(3) Makullin ankali
Boded anga kusoshi, kuma aka sani da sunadarai bonding kusoshi, koma sinadarai bolts ko bonding bolts, an yi su da sinadari na musamman adhesives (anchoring manne) don manne da gyara sukurori da ciki threaded bututu a cikin hakowa ramukan na kankare substrates.Ayyukan haɗin gwiwa da kullewa tsakanin manne da dunƙulewa da manne da bangon ramin kankare don gane wani ɓangaren da aka haɗa zuwa yanki mai haɗawa.
(4) Dasa sinadarai na tendons
Tushen shukar sinadarai ya haɗa da sandunan ƙarfe mai zare da dogon sanda mai dunƙulewa, wanda fasaha ce ta haɗin kai bayan anga da ake amfani da ita sosai a da'irar injiniyan ƙasata.Anchorage na sandunan shuka sinadarai iri ɗaya ne da na ƙulla ƙulli, amma saboda tsayin sandunan shuka sinadarai da dogayen screws ba su da iyaka, yana kama da ɗimbin sandunan simintin simintin, da kuma yanayin lalacewa. yana da sauƙin sarrafawa, kuma gabaɗaya ana iya sarrafa shi azaman lalacewar sandunan anga.Don haka, ya dace da haɗin haɗin gine-gine ko membobin da ba na tsarin su ba waɗanda tsayin daka da ƙarfin ƙarfin girgizar ƙasa bai kai ko daidai da 8 ba.
(5) Kankare sukurori
Tsarin tsari da tsarin ƙwanƙwasa na simintin siminti suna kama da sukurori na itace.Ana amfani da tsari na musamman don mirgina da kashe zaren zaren wuka mai kaifi da kaifi.A lokacin shigarwa, an riga an haƙa rami madaidaiciya tare da ƙaramin diamita, sa'an nan kuma an zazzage dunƙule a ciki, ta amfani da zaren da rami.Ayyukan ɓoyewa tsakanin shingen bango yana samar da ƙarfin cirewa kuma ya gane wani ɓangaren da aka haɗa zuwa sassan da aka haɗa.
(6) Harbin farce
Harbi farce wani nau'in kusoshi ne na karfe mai tsayi, wanda ya hada da screws, wanda foda ke fitarwa, zuwa kankare, kuma yana amfani da zafinsa mai girma (900 ° C) don sanya ƙusoshin karfe da simintin haɗawa saboda haɗuwa da sinadaran.Gane angawar sassan da aka haɗa.
